ABLUTION:
4:43 - O ye who believe! approach not prayers with a mind befogged until ye can understand all that ye say nor in a state of ceremonial impurity (except when travelling on the road) until after washing your whole body if ye are ill or on a journey or one of you cometh from offices of nature or ye have been in contact with women and ye find no water then take for yourselves clean sand or earth and rub therewith your faces and hands. For Allah doth blot out sins and forgive again and again. 562 563
562 The reference is either to a state of intoxication or to a dazed state of mind on account of drowsiness or some other cause. Or perhaps both are implied. Before the prohibition of intoxicants altogether was promulgated, it was at least unbecoming that people should come to prayers in such a state. For prayers it is only right that we should collect our whole minds and approach Allah in a spirit of reverence. (4.43)
563 The strictest cleanliness and purity of mind and body are required, especially at the time of prayer. But there are circumstances when water for ablutions is not easily obtainable, especially in the dry conditions of
5:6 - O ye who believe! when ye prepare for prayer wash your faces and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to the ankles. If ye are in a state of ceremonial impurity bathe your whole body. But if ye are ill or on a journey or one of you cometh from offices of nature or ye have been in contact with women and ye find no water then take for yourselves clean sand or earth and rub therewith your faces and hands. Allah doth not wish to place you in a difficulty but to make you clean and to complete His favor to you that ye may be grateful. 702 703 704
702 - These are the essentials of Wudhu, or ablutions preparatory to prayers, viz., (1) to bathe the whole face in water, and (2) both hands and arms to the elbows, with (3) a little rubbing of the head with water (as the head is usually protected and comparatively clean), and (4) the bathing of the feet to the ankles. In -addition, following the practice of the Prophet, it is usual first to wash the mouth, and the nose before proceeding with the face, etc. (5.6)
703 Cf. iv. 43 and n. 563. Ritual impurity arises from sex pollution. (5.6)
704 This is Tayammum, or wiping with clean sand or earth where water is not available. I take it that this substitute is permissible both for Wudhu and for a full bath, in the circumstances mentioned. (5.6)
Fiqh-us-Sunnah
Fiqh 1.42b
Renewing the ablution for every prayer
Said Buraidah, "The Prophet, upon whom be peace, made ablution for every prayer. On the day of the conquest of Makkah, he made ablution, wiped over his socks and prayed a number of times with just one ablution. 'Umar said to him, 'O Messenger of Allah, you did something that you have not done (before).' He answered, 'I did it on purpose, 'Umar."' (Related by Ahmad, Muslim and others.)
Said Anas ibn Malik, "The Prophet, upon whom be peace, used to make ablution for every prayer." He was asked, "And what did you people use to do?" Malik said, "We prayed the prayers with one ablution unless we nullified it." (Related by Ahmad and al-Bukhari . )
Abu Hurairah reported that the Prophet said, "Were it not to be a hardship on my people, I would order them to make ablution for every prayer." (Related by Ahmad with a hassan chain.)
Ibn 'Umar reported that the Prophet, upon whom be peace, said, "Whoever makes ablution while he is already in a state of purity will have ten good deeds written for him."~ΓΈ (Related by Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi, and Ibn Majah.)
Fiqh-us-Sunnah Fiqh 1.43
Notes of importance concerning ablution
It is permissible to speak while performing ablution. There is nothing reported from the sunnah that prohibits it.
Making supplications while washing the extremities is based on false hadith. It is best for the person to use only the supplications mentioned under the Sunnah Acts of Ablution.
If the person who is making ablution has a doubt concerning how many times he has washed a particular part of the body, he should go by the number he is certain about.
If any barrier or substance with weight, such as wax, is found on the body, it would invalidate one's ablution unless it is removed and the ablution is performed again. Coloring, like henna, is permissible, as it does not affect the ablution's correctness.
People with unusual circumstances (i.e. women with "prolonged flows of blood"), people who cannot control their urine, people with flatulence, and so on, should perform one ablution for each prayer whether their problem exists all or part of the time. Their prayers will be acceptable even while their problems are occuring.
One may be assisted by others in performing ablution.
One may use a towel to dry himself during any time of the year.
Fiqh-us-Sunnah
Fiqh 1.36a
Touching the sexual organ without any "barrier" between the hand and the organ
Busrah bint Safwan narrated that the Prophet, upon whom be peace, said, "Whoever touches his sexual organ cannot pray until he performs ablution."
This hadith is related by "the five." At-Tirmidhi classified it as sahih and al-Bukhari called it the most authentic report on that topic. Malik, ash-Shaifi, Ahmad and others also narrated it. Abu Dawud said, "I asked Ahmad, 'Is the hadith of Busrah authentic?' He said, 'Certainly it is authentic." In the narration of Ahmad and an-Nasa'i, Busrah heard the Prophet saying, "Ablution is to be made by the one who touches his sexual organ." This is general and encompasses touching one's own sexual organs or touching somebody else's. Abu Hurairah reported the Prophet as saying, "Whoever touches his sexual organ without any covering (between them) must perform ablution." (Related by Ahmad, Ibn Hibban and al-Hakim, who classified it as sahih, as did Ibn 'Abdul-Barr.)
Said Ibn as-Sakin, "That hadith is from the best of what has been related on this topic." Ash-Shaf'i related: "Any man who touches his penis must perform ablution. Any women who touches her vagina must perform ablution." Commenting on its authenticity, Ibn alQayyim quotes al-Hazimi who says, "That chain is sahih." The Hanifiyyah are of the opinion, based on the following hadith, that touching the sexual organ does not nullify the ablution: "A man asked the Prophet if a man who touches his penis has to perform ablution. Said the Prophet, upon whom be peace, "No, it is just a part of you." (Related by "the five." Ibn Hibban classified it as sahih, and Ibn al-Madini said, "It is better than the hadith of Busrah.'')
Fiqh-us-Sunnah
Fiqh 1.39
Of doubts whether or not one has released gas
This is the case where the person cannot quite recall if he is in a state of purity or not. Such a state of mind does not nullify ablution, regardless of whether the person is in prayer or not, until he is certain that he has nullified his ablution. 'Abbad ibn Tameem related that his uncle queried the Prophet about a person who feels something in his abdomen while praying. Said the Prophet, "He should not leave (the prayer) until he hears it or smells it." (Related by Muslim, Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi). It does not mean that its sound or bad smell nullifies ablution, but that the person must be certain about the fact that he has nullified his ablution. Says Ibn al-Mubarak, "If one is uncertain about his condition of purity, he does not need to perform a new ablution." If one is certain that he has nullified his ablution and doubts whether he has purified himself or not, he must perform a new ablution.
Sunan of Abu-Dawood
Hadith 48 Narrated by
Abdullah ibn Hanzalah ibn AbuAmir
Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn Habban asked Abdullah ibn Abdullah ibn Umar about the reason for Ibn Umar's performing ablution for every prayer, whether he was with or without ablution. He replied: Asma', daughter of Zayd ibn al-Khattab, reported to me that Abdullah ibn Hanzalah ibn AbuAmir narrated to her that the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) was earlier commanded to perform ablution for every prayer whether or not he was with ablution. When it became a burden for him, he was ordered to use tooth-stick for every prayer. As Ibn Umar thought that he had the strength (to perform the ablution for every prayer), he did not give up performing ablution for every prayer.
Fiqh-us-Sunnah
Fiqh 1.38b
Eating camel meat
That this does not nullify the ablution was the opinion of the four rightly guided caliphs, the companions and the following generation, although there is an authentic hadith that states one should make ablution after it.
Said Jabir ibn Sumrah, "A man asked the Prophet, 'Should we make ablution after eating mutton?' He said, 'If you wish, make ablution. If you do not, do not make ablution.' The man asked 'Should we make ablution after eating camel meat?' He said, 'Yes."' Al-Barra' ibn 'Aazib related that someone asked the Prophet about praying in the dens of camels, and he said, "Do not pray therein, for they are of the devils." He asked about the dens of sheep, and he said, "Pray therein, for they are blessings. (Related by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and Ibn Hibban. ) Ibn Khuzaimah said, "I know of no dispute over the authenticity of this report." In summation, an-Nawawi can be quoted as saying, "This opinion has the strongest proof, although the majority of the scholars differ from it."
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith
Hadith 1.284 Narrated by
Abu Salama
I asked 'Aisha "Did the Prophet use to sleep while he was Junub?" She replied, "Yes, but he used to perform ablution (before going to bed)."
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith
Hadith 1.286 Narrated by
Aisha
Whenever the Prophet intended to sleep while he was Junub, he used to wash his private parts and perform ablution like that for the prayer.
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith
Hadith 1.248 Narrated by
Aisha
Whenever the Prophet took a bath after Janaba he started by washing his hands and then performed ablution like that for the prayer. After that he would put his fingers in water and move the roots of his hair with them, and then pour three handfuls of water over his head and then pour water all over his body.
Fiqh-us-Sunnah
Fiqh 1.34a
Praying two rak'ah after ablution
Abu Hurairah reported that the Messenger of Allah, upon whom be peace, said to Bilal, "O Bilal, tell me what good deed you have done in Islam that I hear the sound of your footsteps in
Al-Tirmidhi Hadith
Hadith 426 Narrated by
Abdullah ibn Hanzalah ibn AbuAmir
Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn Hibban reported: I said to Ubaydullah ibn Abdullah ibn Umar: From where did Abdullah ibn Umar get (this habit of) performing ablution for each prayer whether he needed an ablution or not? He said: Asma bint Zayd ibn al-Khattab had reported that Abdullah ibn Hanzalah ibn AbuAmir al-Ghasil had told her that Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) had been commanded to perform ablution for every prayer whether he needed it or not. But when it proved to be hard for Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) he was commanded to use miswak for every prayer, and the (command) of performing ablution (for every prayer) was set aside unless it was needed. He (the narrator) said that Abdullah found in himself the power to do that, so he did that (i.e. performed ablution) for every prayer, till he died.
Transmitted by Ahmad.
Fiqh-us-Sunnah
Fiqh 1.2c
Used water
This category refers to water which drips from the person after he performs ablution or ghusl. It is considered pure because it was pure before its use for ablution, and there is no basis to think that it has lost its purity. This statement is supported by the hadith of Rab'i bint Mu'wadh which describes the ablution of the Messenger of Allah. She states, "He wiped his head with (the water) remaining on his hands from his ablution." This hadith is related by Ahmad and Abu Dawud. Abu Dawud's version is, "The Messenger of Allah, upon whom be peace, wiped his head with the extra water that was in his hand." Abu Hurairah also reported that the Messenger of Allah met him alone in the streets of Madinah while he was in post-sex impurity. He therefore slipped away, made ghusl and returned. The Messenger of Allah, upon whom be peace, asked him "Where have you been, Abu Hurairah?" He answered, "I was in post-sex impurity and did not want to sit with you while I was in that condition." The Prophet replied, "Glory be to Allah. The believer does not become impure." This is related by "the group."
his is based on the rationale that since a believer never becomes impure, the water he uses for purification also does not become impure. Thus, a pure object touching a pure object cannot result in one's becoming impure. Ibn al-Mundhir said that it is related that 'Ali, Ibn 'Umar, Abu Umamah, 'Ata, al-Hassan, Makhul and anNakha'i said that if a person forgot to wipe his head while making ablution, it is sufficient for him to wipe his head with any water remaining in his beard. Ibn al-Mundhir stated that this proves that they took "used water" as pure. This opinion comes from one of the narrations attributed to Malik and ash-Shaf'i. Ibn Hazm ascribes it to Sufyan al-Thauri, Abu Thaur, and all scholars of the Dhahiri school of thought.
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith
Hadith 3.155 Narrated by
Humran
saw 'Uthman performing ablution; he washed his hands thrice, rinsed his mouth and then washed his nose, by putting water in it and then blowing it out, and washed his face thrice, and then washed his right forearm up to the elbow thrice, and then the left-forearm up to the elbow thrice, then smeared his head with water, washed his right foot thrice, and then his left foot thrice and said, "I saw Allah's Apostle performing ablution similar to my present ablution, and then he said, 'Whoever performs ablution like my present ablution and then offers two Rakat in which he does not think of worldly things, all his previous sins will be forgiven.' "
Fiqh-us-Sunnah
Fiqh 1.42a
Before eating food touched by fire
Said Ibrahim ibn 'Abdullah ibn Qaridh, "I passed by Abu Hurairah while he was performing ablution and he said, 'Do you know why I am making ablution? It is because I ate some yoghurt dried over a fire, for I heard the Messenger of Allah say, 'Perform ablution before eating food touched by fire." (Related by Ahmad, Muslim and "the four.")
'Aishah related that the Prophet, upon whom be peace, said, "Perform ablution from whatever touches fire." (Related by Ahmad, Muslim, an-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah.) This order is one of preference as the following hadith makes clear: 'Amr ibn Umayyah adhDhamari said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, upon whom be peace, cutting a piece of a sheep's shoulder and eating it. He was then called to prayer. He put the knife down, prayed, and did not perform another ablution." (Related by al-Bukhari and Muslim.)
Fiqh-us-Sunnah Subjects
Ablution, Sunan Acts of
1 Sunan acts of Ablution
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 28
2. Mentioning the name of Allah at the beginning
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 29
3. Dental Hygiene
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 29
4. Washing the hands three times at the beginning
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 30
5. Rinsing the mouth three times
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 30
6. Sniffing up and blowing out water three times
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 30
7. Running one's fingers through his beard
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 31
8. Running water through one's fingers and toes
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 31
9. Repeating each washing three times
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 31
10. Beginning each action with the right side
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 31
11. Rubbing the limbs with water
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 32
12. Close sequence
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 32
13. Wiping the ears
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 32
14. Elongating the streaks of light
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 32
15. Economizing the use of water, even if one is in front of the sea
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 32
16. Supplication while performing ablution
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 33
17. Supplication after ablution
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 34
18. Praying two rak'ah after ablution
Fiqh us-Sunnah Vol.1 Page 34
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith
Hadith 1.170 Narrated by
Anas bin MalikI saw Allah's Apostle when the 'Asr prayer was due and the people searched for water to perform ablution but they could not find it. Later on (a pot full of) water for ablution was brought to Allah's Apostle . He put his hand in that pot and ordered the people to perform ablution from it. I saw the water springing out from underneath his fingers till all of them performed the ablution (it was one of the miracles of the Prophet).
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Subjects
Ablution
1. 'O you who believe! When you rise for prayer, wash your faces
2. Prayer is not accepted without purification
B 1.137
3. The superiority of ablution
B 1.138
4. One should not repeat ablution if in doubt
B 1.139
5. To perform a light ablution
B 1.140
6. The completion or perfection of ablution
B 1.141
7. To wash the face with both hands
B 1.142
8. To recite 'In the Name of Allah' during every action
B 1.143
9. Going to the water closet
B 1.144
10. Providing water at lavatories
B 1.145
11. Never face the Qibla while urinating or defecating
B 1.146
12. Defecating while sitting over two bricks
B 1.147
13. Women answering the call of nature
B 1.148, B 1.149
14. Defecating in the houses
B 1.150, B 1.151
15. Washing the private parts after answering the call
B 1.152
16. Somebody else carrying water for purification
B 1.153
17. Carrying an Anza spear-headed stick along with the water
B 1.154
18. Cleaning the private parts with the right hand
B 1.155
19. Do not hold the private parts with the right hand while urinating
B 1.156
20. Cleaning the private parts with stones
B 1.157
21. Cleaning the private parts with dung
B 1.158
22. Washing the parts once only when taking ablution
B 1.159
23. Washing the parts twice when taking ablution
B 1.160
24. Washing the parts thrice when taking ablution
B 1.161
25. Cleaning of the nose
B 1.162
26. Cleaning the private parts with an odd number of stones
B 1.163
27. Washing both feet
B 1.164
28. Rinsing the mouth
B 1.165
29. Washing the heels
B 1.166
30. Washing the feet when one is wearing shoes
B 1.167
31. Starting from the right side of the body
B 1.168, B 1.169
32. Looking for water when prayer is due
B 1.170
33. Ablution with water which has been used
B 1.171, B 1.172
34. Washing a utensil seven times out of which a dog ate or drank
B 1.173, B 1.174, B 1.175
35. When ablution is necessary and not
B 1.176, B 1.177, B 1.178, B 1.179, B 1.180
36. Pouring water for someone performing ablution
B 1.181, B 1.182
37. Reciting Qur'an or other prayers after Hadath
B 1.183
38. Performing ablution after deep sleep
B 1.184
39. Passing wet hands over the whole head during ablution
B 1.185
40. Washing the feet up to the ankles
B 1.186
41. Using the remaining water after ablution
B 1.187, B 1.188
42. Drinking the remaining water after ablution
B 1.189
43. Cleansing the mouth and nose
B 1.190
44. Passing wet hands over head only once
B 1.191, B 1.192
45. Husband and wife performing ablution together
46. Sprinkling remaining water on an unconscious person
B 1.193
47. To perform ablution from water containers
B 1.194, B 1.195, B 1.196, B 1.197
48. Performing ablution from an earthenware pot
B 1.198, B 1.199
49. Performing ablution with one Mudd of water
B 1.200
50. Passing wet hands over shoes covering ankles
B 1.201, B 1.202, B 1.203, B 1.204
51. Ablution after putting on Khuffs
B 1.205
52. Ablution after eating mutton and Sawiq
B 1.206, B 1.207
53. After eating Sawiq
B 1.208, B 1.209
54. Rinsing mouth after drinking milk
B 1.210
55. Ablution after sleeping, dozing, nodding & slumber
B 1.211, B 1.212
56. Performing ablution on having no Hadath
B 1.213, B 1.214
57. Protecting clothing from Urine
B 1.215
58. Washing out urine
B 1.216
59. Sin for being soiled by urine
B 1.217
60. Urinating in the mosque
B 1.218
61. Pouring water over urine in the mosque
B 1.219, B 1.220
62. Spilling water over urine
B 1.221
63. Urine of children
B 1.222, B 1.223
64. Passing urine while sitting or standing
B 1.224
65. Urinating while screened next to a companion
B 1.225
66. Urinating near dumps
B 1.226
67. Washing out blood
B 1.227, B 1.228
68. Washing out semen with water
B 1.229, B 1.230, B 1.231
69. Spots not completely removed
B 1.232, B 1.233
70. Urine of animals
B 1.234, B 1.235
71. Impure things falling in foodstuffs and water
B 1.236, B 1.237, B 1.238
72. Urinating in stagnant water
B 1.239
73. Putting a dead body or polluted thing on the back of someone praying
B 1.240, B 1.241
74. Spitting or blowing nose in one's garment
B 1.242
75. Performing ablution with Nabldh water in which grapes or dates have been soaked
B 1.243
76. Daughter washing blood from father's face
B 1.244
77. The Siwak toothbrush made of roots of Arak tree.
B 1.245, B 1.246
78. Giving Siwak to oldest person of group
79. Sleeping with ablution
B 1.247
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